brucella

Brucella Canis in imported dogs

What is Brucella Canis?

Brucella canis is a contagious bacterial infection mainly affecting dogs.  It did not previously exist in the UK but with the increase in imported dogs from Brucella endemic countries we have seen a marked increase in cases in the last few years

Brucella canis is also a zoonotic infection.  A zoonotic infection is an infection that can pass from animals to humans and from humans to animals.

Brucella is now also reportable to Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA)

What are the symptoms?

Many visible symptoms relate to pregnancy and abortions and also lameness, discospondylitis, lethargy, enlarged lymph nodes, persistent vaginal discharge, swollen testicles.

Many infected dogs are also asymptomatic and show no signs of carrying the bacterium.

Most infections in people can be initially mild.  HOwever, immunocompromised people are at significant risk

How is it Transmitted?

Most transmission is via bodily fluids, including during birth, blood and urine

How is it detected?

Brucella blood tests look for antibodies to the disease and it can take up to 3 months after infection for these to be present.  This means that even after a negative test prior to entry into the UK, a repeat blood test should be carried out at least 3 months later to confirm that there is no infection.

Is testing compulsory?

No, Brucella testing is not compulsory, however, to protect our staff we require a negative test result for imported dogs or dogs mated overseas before we can complete their registration with Mark The Home Vet.

It is becoming increasingly common for surgical hospitals to require a negative test result for Brucella canis before they will accept patient referrals.

Is Brucellosis treatable?

No, currently there is no treatment

What happens if my dog tests positive?

All positive Brucella canis tests are reported to APHA who will then contact you.  It is likely that due to their being no effective treatment that they will recommend euthanasia.  Whilst that sounds drastic it is not a decision recommended lightly and is done with safety of all concerned in mind.  Whilst euthanasia is not compulsory, we will not be able to provide ongoing care for Brucella cases.


Whilst this all sounds rather drastic, please bear in mind that Brucellosis is still rare in the UK.  By taking these proactive measures we hope to prevent this devastating disease becoming endemic in the UK dog population.

If you have any questions then please get in touch - 01780 678876